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Emil Rebreanu
Emil Rebreanu (December 17, 1891 – May 14, 1917) was an Austro-Hungarian Romanian military officer executed during World War I. The protagonist in ''Forest of the Hanged'', a 1922 novel by his brother Liviu Rebreanu, is influenced by his experience.
==Biography==
Rebreanu was born into a Greek-Catholic family in Major, Beszterce-Naszód County, now Maieru, Bistrița-Năsăud County,〔Niculae Gheran, ''Tînărul Rebreanu'', p. 27. Editura Albatros, Bucharest, 1986〕〔Rebreanu, p. 529〕 the fifth of fourteen children. He graduated from high school in 1913 and entered the Law faculty of Franz Joseph University in Cluj (''Kolozsvár''), but was forced to interrupt his studies upon the war's outbreak.〔 Bianca Sara, ("Cum şi-a transformat Liviu Rebreanu execuţia fratelui său de pe front într-un roman tradus în opt limbi" ), ''Adevărul'', November 1, 2013; Retrieved December 13, 2013〕 Within a year of joining combat, he was made a second lieutenant in the Austro-Hungarian Army. He fought in Russia and Galicia, sustaining multiple injuries. Rebreanu also distinguished himself on the Italian Front and was given the Gold Medal for Bravery, the highest award granted by the Austrian command to a Romanian.〔〔 However, once arrived on the Romanian Front, he decided that rather than fight against his fellow Romanians, he would join them. Constantin Kirițescu wrote: "Approaching Romanian soil, Rebreanu heard the secret call of his brothers' souls, whispering from beyond the trenches. Between his unnatural soldierly duty and his holy duty as a Romanian, Rebreanu heeded the latter."〔
Thus, on the night of May 10–11, 1917,〔 having escaped from the infirmary where he was sequestered,〔 he tried to cross the front to the Romanian side, bringing with him the plans for dividing and positioning Austro-Hungarian troops in the area. He was found and arrested by a patrol of imperial officers. Tried by a military court of the 16th Honvéd brigade, on May 12–13, on a charge of desertion and espionage, he was stripped of his rank and sentenced to death. As an added humiliation, the method was specified as hanging. According to eyewitnesses, before being executed at 10 p.m. on May 14, he pushed aside the executioner and before the multitude of soldiers, many of whom were Romanians brought there as a warning, shouted powerfully, "Long live Greater Romania!"〔''Revista de istorie militară'', 3/1996, p. 14. Ministry of National Defense, 1996〕
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